Beneficial effects of Taurine supplementation in pregnancy

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) has various physiological functions, including membrane stabilization, cell-volume regulation, mitochondrial protein translocation, anti-oxidative activity, neuroprotection against neurotoxicity and modulation of intracellular calcium levels. Taurine also activates GABA_A receptors and glycine receptors. Mammalian fetuses and infants depend on taurine delivered from their mothers via either the placenta or their mother’s milk. Taurine is a molecule that links mother-fetus or mother-infant bonding.

Taurine is involved in regulating the proliferation of neural progenitors, migration of newly generated neurons, and the synapse formation of neurons after migration during fetal and neonatal development

There have been some clinical human studies investigating the fetal effects of taurine during pregnancy. Taurine is an essential amino acid for fetuses that plays various roles in fetal development, particularly in the brain, retina, and other organs. It is naturally present in breast milk and some infant formulas, highlighting its importance in early life.

Some studies have explored the potential benefits of taurine supplementation during pregnancy, while others have examined the effects of taurine deficiency. Here are some key findings from the existing research:

1. Neurodevelopment: Taurine is thought to play a crucial role in brain development. Some studies suggest that taurine supplementation during pregnancy might have a positive impact on cognitive development and may reduce the risk of developmental disorders. However, the evidence is not yet conclusive, and more research is needed to establish a clear link.
2. Preterm birth: Some studies have looked at the relationship between taurine levels and the risk of preterm birth. Taurine deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, but again, the data is not consistent across all studies.
3. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): IUGR is a condition where the fetus does not grow adequately in the womb. Taurine supplementation has been investigated as a potential intervention to improve fetal growth in cases of IUGR, and some studies have shown promising results.
4. Antioxidant properties: Taurine possesses antioxidant properties, which may have protective effects on the developing fetus. Antioxidants help to neutralize harmful molecules called free radicals, which can cause cellular damage.

Reference:

PMID: 28849440 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_2